Since prehistoric man developed artistic sensibility, different natural resources have been used as a form of expression and decoration in their environment. Some of these materials are lime and plaster and the result of their manipulation is stucco.
The nobility of these raw materials, its durability, its waterproof finish and reinforcement featuring murals are some of the features that allow us to witness this technique in very remote times.
The technique of lime stucco is the most primitive and widespread. We found and documented in the late Neolithic to the flooring and walls, reaching further development to the cultural flowering of early civilizations.
Stucco Marble or Scagliola is another great variation of stucco. Its base material is now the plaster is mixed with water, pigments and lines to get an authentic and excellent imitation of marble. It is a much more technical born late wit try to make decent decorations in a time of conflict, the economy and politics were very difficult to import from distant lands marble and jasper. Its origin lies in Italy in the seventeenth century Renaissance at full maturity.
The technique of stucco marble offered multiple possibilities and quickly achieved great prestige and began to proliferate in the interiors, furniture art and facades of the heritage of European royalty and nobility.
Great masters in the art from northern Italy, follow the migration routes to German speaking countries in search of fortune. Subsequently, major commissions took place to decorate churches, banks, government palaces, hotels ... first in cities from Northwestern and central European countries such as as Russia, Sweden, Norway, Romania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Austria, Serbia, Germany, France and subsequently Spain, Morocco and Algeria; then it spread throughout the world. Some companies, like the Axerio brothers’, reached 3000 employees by the end of the nineteenth century. Both techniques and, consequently, the work of plasterers declined from the second third of the twentieth century giving way to new fashions and materials.
MATERIALS
We use as base materials high purity gypsum and fine grinding (plaster); gypsum or alabaster “espejuelo” to create jaspers or streaks, yielding great transparency and depth.
Selected natural pigments (earth oxides).
Artisanal traditionally prepared waxes.
Animal glues of the highest quality.
PROCESSING
This is a 100% handcrafted technique that does not require machines of any kind. The plaster is made on the working surface; then, through different techniques, jasper or veins are added according to the design in order to give shape to the final composition.
Once the supporting wall is ready, the materials are moved and placed on it to coat its surface. At this point, we start working on the planimetry and polishing processes; all this is done by hand with natural stones to achieve a flat, thin and shiny surface like that of natural marble.
For more information about this technique:
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